Enhanced Emission of Monoterpene 3-Carene in Pinus densiflora Infected by Pine Wood Nematode and Characterization of 3-Carene Synthase

Pinus densiflora is an important pine species in Northeast Asia due to its historical, cultural, and economic values. Pine wood nematode (PWN) seriously damages P. densiflora, causing the wilt disease (PWD). Changes of phyto-compounds resin monoterpenes after infection PWN were studied. The changes identified by GC-MS control infected densiflora. Among phytochemicals (in densiflora), 3-carene was distinctly enhanced inoculation. emitted plant volatile analyzed HS-SPME/GC-MS. It observed that amount conspicuously PWNs both koraiensis at 9.7 54.7 times, respectively. 3-Carene synthase gene (Pd3-cars) isolated functionally characterized transgenic tobacco overexpressing Pd3-cars. Integration expression confirmed genomic RT-PCR analysis. Pd3-cars expressed plants. Furthermore, production HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis as compounds from leaves tobacco. Treatment showed a mild nematicidal activity with 45.98% mortality concentration 10 mg/mL. current findings may apply early diagnosis through emission 3-carene.